Academician

Pakistani nationality, geologist, born in Peshawar, Pakistan in November 1954. In 1988, he received a Ph.D. in Geology from the Imperial Polytechnic Institute of the University of London. He is currently the president of Peshawar University and a tenured professor. Elected as a member of the Pakistan Academy of Sciences in 2009.

Arthur Han has been engaged in geological structure research for a long time. Using the Himalayan mountain belt （ Western structure knot ） as a natural experimental field, using plate theory to reveal the process and mechanism of mountain construction, has achieved internationally recognized academic achievements: 1.For the first time, it was revealed that the huge volcanic-sedimentary terrain evolution of Kohistan experienced three stages of magma intrusion. The second stage was accompanied by a significant crustal shortening of deformation, proposing the Kohistan island arc as a typical inner ocean arc, clarifying the root of its crust Features, which in turn reveals its drift and collision with the Karakoron plate and the Indian plate; 2.Construction of the evolution model of the India-Afghanistan collision zone, for the first time proving that the Kuram fault zone is a seaming zone between the Indian plate and the Afghan plate; 3. Established a Pakistan live fault and earthquake database, constructed and developed a regional seismic source model, completed earthquake risk assessment, and participated in the preparation of building earthquake resistance specifications; 4.Conducted a geological disaster study on the Central Bakar Rakun Highway （KKH） under climate change and earthquake conditions, clarified the characteristics of disaster activities, revealed the distribution patterns, and proposed risk assessment methods. The research results have been widely used in the fields of minerals, energy, water resources evaluation and development, and disaster prevention and mitigation, and have promoted social and economic development.

He successively served as the director of the National Geological Center of Excellence, the president of Karakoram International University and the University of Peshawar, and was awarded the Tamgha-i-Imtiaz Distinguished Citizen Medal by the Pakistani Government and the “Gold Medal of Earth Science” by the Pakistan Academy of Sciences, leading the development of Badiology; He has successively established two international journals of geosciences, playing an important role in promoting the development of geosciences in Asia.

Assef Han cooperated with Chinese scientists through various channels and methods, hosted the 13th International Himalaya-Karakorum-Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Conference, invited more than ten Chinese scholars to participate in the conference, and promoted the cooperation between China and Pakistan in this region Cooperation and exchanges; assist Chinese scholars to obtain the right to host the 15th conference, and lead a delegation to participate in the conference, and continue to promote China-Brazil geoscience and technology cooperation. Jointly undertook major projects of the Natural Science Foundation of China with academician Ding Lin’s team, conducted joint investigations and research with Chinese scholars, and obtained a series of achievements such as the deep structure of the Himalayas, the timing of continental collisions, and ultra-high pressure metamorphism, which have been recognized by international peers. He has been working with the Chengdu Institute of Mountain Research of the Chinese Academy of Sciences for a long time to carry out research on mountain disaster risk and prevention of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, serving the construction of the corridor, and has achieved remarkable results. He has cooperated with the Chinese side to promote the joint establishment of the “China-Pakistan Earth Science Research Center” by the Pakistan Higher Education Commission and the Chinese Academy of Sciences. “Belt and Road” National Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan Demonstration Project and National Platform for International Science and Technology Cooperation and the highest national priority construction project of the Pakistani government.

Assef Han has long promoted the cooperation in earth science and technology between China and Pakistan, helping to enhance China’s scientific and technological influence in South Asia and the Islamic world; he and China jointly initiated the establishment of the International Disaster Reduction Science Alliance to promote the “Belt and Road” disaster prevention and mitigation; in addition, During his tenure as president, he established Confucius Institutes at Karakoram International University and Peshawar University respectively, making important contributions to China-Pakistan cultural exchanges.

George Smoot received his Ph.D. in Physics from M.I.T. in 1970 and was a postdoctoral researcher at M.I.T. before moving to UC Berkeley in 1971. Honors include: NASA Medal for Exceptional Science Achievement, Kilby Award, Lawrence Award, Nobel Prize in Physics 2006.

Research Interests

2006 Nobel Prize winner-Experimental Astrophysicist George Smoot is an active researcher in observational astrophysics and cosmology. Smoot’s group at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the University of California at Berkeley is observing our galaxy and the cosmic background radiation that is a remnant from the fiery beginning of our Universe. Projects include ground-based radio-telescope observations, balloon-borne instrumentation, and satellite experiments. The most famous of these is COBE (the NASA Cosmic Background Explorer satellite), which has shown that the cosmic background radiation intensity has a wavelength dependence precisely that of a perfectly absorbing body, indicating that it is the relic radiation from the Big Bang origin of the Universe.

Using NASA’s COBE DMR, Smoot and his colleagues made a map of the early Universe discovering the seeds of present day galaxies and clusters of galaxies. These seeds show up as variations at one part in 100,000 levels in density from place to place. They also reveal information on the Big Bang and the origin of the Universe. In addition to continuing work on the four years of COBE data and on-going balloon experiments, Dr. Smoot has joined with colleagues in Europe to propose a new European Space Agency satellite to extend and improve these measurements. That satellite is now known as the Planck Satellite and is currently mapping the sky.  Dr. Smoot has also published a popular book on cosmology: Wrinkles in Time.

Current Projects
CMB data analysis: A major effort is data processing and analysis and the development of new techniques and algorithms. This included the analysis and extension of the extensive data set obtained by the COBE satellite during its four-year mission, analysis of balloon-borne instruments’ (MAXIMA/Boomerang) data, and analysis of the second-generation CMB anisotropy mission WMAP (Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe -launched June 2000). This has recently moved to analysis of the observations from the Max Planck Surveyor is the (launched May 2009) third-generation CMB anisotropy satellite. Post doctoral fellows associated with this effort are analyzing observations from the South Pole Telescope (SPT) and the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) (see Berkeley Center for Cosmological Physics (link is external).

Galactic Emission Mapping (GEM): The GEM project is aimed at measuring and modeling Galactic millimeter to meter wavelength emission and Galactic structure. We utilize data from satellites, such as COBE and ground-based observations in our Galactic modeling. As a major component of the program, we have developed a precise, controlled radio telescope and receivers, which are used to make and calibrate radio maps of the sky. The GEM instrumentation has operated from a remote site in California, Colombia, and Tenerife (the Canary Islands), and is currently in Brazil and a sister instrument has recently begun observations in Portugal.

Dark Energy Probes: We have a significant effort in (weak) gravitational lensing and a portion of the group works on the supernova cosmology project, and potential Dark Energy satellite probes such as EUCLID or JDEM. A major effort is work on developing Big BOSS which is a proposed next generation follow on to the BOSS (Baryonacoustic Oscillation Sky Survey) which is currently measuring the location and spectra of about 5 million galaxies and on the scale of a million quasars. This is a currently growing effort. This work is connected to BCCP.

Berkeley Center for Cosmological Physics: I am the founding Director of the Berkeley Center for Cosmological Physics (BCCP) and we have a substantial effort going in basic cosmology research in theory and observations as well as a large education and public outreach set of activities. We also have a number of global partners such as the Paris Center for Cosmological Physics (PCCP) and the Institute for the Early Universe (IEU).

Plant geneticist. Indian nationality. Chief Breeder, Head of the Department of Genetics, Breeding and Biochemistry, International Rice Research Institute (Philippines). Born in Punjab, India. In 1957, he received his Ph.D. from the University of California, Davis. He is a member of the Indian National Academy of Sciences, a member of the Third World Academy of Sciences, a foreign member of the American Academy of Sciences, and a foreign member of the Royal Society.

Professor Kush found that the difference between cultivated rye and four wild species lies in the number of chromosomal translocations in the study of the cytotaxonomy of the genus Graminea, revealing the important role of chromosomal position variation in the origin of species of this genus. In the study of tomato genome types, all tomato linkage groups were integrated with corresponding chromosomes, and all centromere positions and directions of each linkage group were determined. Since 1967, he has presided over research projects on rice varieties with high yield and resistance to diseases and insect pests. Rice improvement projects in various countries have used the breeding materials he researched to screen and promote more than 300 improved varieties. In addition, in cooperation with scientists from Cornell University, Dr. Kush established the first rice molecular linkage map, used molecular markers to locate many genes that affect important traits, and carried out rice molecular marker-assisted breeding. At present, genetic engineering technology is being used to transfer genes affecting biotic and abiotic resistance to rice. He has won many international academic awards such as the American Agricultural Society Award, the Japan Science and Technology Foundation Award, and the Wolf Agriculture Award. Professor Kush has been cooperating with Chinese rice scientists for a long time, helping to prepare for the establishment of the China Rice Research Institute, providing high-quality rice breeding lines, training scientific and technological personnel, and co-hosting international academic conferences. He has won many honors such as the 2000 Chinese Government Friendship Award and the 2001 Chinese Government Friendship Award for International Science and Technology Cooperation. In 2002, he was elected as a foreign academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Prof. Dr. Klaus von Klitzing is heading the department “Low Dimensional Electron Systems” at the Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research in Stuttgart, Germany.

He was born on 28th June 1943 in Schroda. Klaus von Klitzing studied Physics at the Technical University of Braunschweig. He continued his scientific career at the University of Würzburg, receiving his doctorate in 1972 and his habilitation in 1978. Subsequently, he was appointed professor at the Technical University of Munich (1980-1984), before becoming both Honorarprofessor (part-time prof.) at the University of Stuttgart and Director and Scientific Member at the Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research in 1985.

During his scientific career, Klaus von Klitzing had research stays at the University of Oxford, England, at the High Magnetic Field Laboratory in Grenoble, France, and at the IBM Research Lab in the Yorktown Heights, USA.

In 1985, the Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to Klaus von Klitzing “for the discovery of the quantized Hall effect”.

Katharina Kohse-Höinghaus is a professor of Physical Chemistry at Bielefeld University, Germany, since 1994 and was appointed as a Senior Professor in 2017. Her research targets combustion chemistry and diagnostics with a multidisciplinary approach encompassing aspects of chemistry, physics, material science and engineering.

Kohse-Höinghaus has been honored with prestigious awards, professorships and lectureships for her scientific contributions, including the German Cross of the Order of Merit (Bundesverdienstkreuz am Bande), the Giulio Natta Medal in Chemical Engineering of the Politecnico di Milano, and the three highest awards for international scientific cooperation issued by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and the People’s Republic of China. CAS has also awarded her a Distinguished Scientist Presidential International Fellowship in 2020. Furthermore, she is a Fellow of the Combustion Institute and was awarded its Alfred C. Egerton Gold Medal in 2018. She has received the Walther Nernst Medal of the Bunsen Society of Physical Chemistry in 2020.

Professor Kohse-Höinghaus is a member of six academies, including both, the German National Academies of Sciences (Leopoldina) and of Engineering (acatech) as well as the European Academy of Sciences. She has also served in numerous functions in professional societies and academic organizations, including the German Council of Sciences and the Humanities (Wissenschaftsrat) that advises the government as well as the International Advisory Board of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. She was president of the Bunsen Society of Physical Chemistry and member of the senates of the German Research Foundation (DFG) and of the Helmholtz Association of National laboratories.

In the combustion field, she has served as editor-in-chief of Combustion and Flame, is a member of several editorial boards and she has been the president of the international professional society The Combustion Institute from 2012-2016. Kohse-Höinghaus serves in the scientific advisory boards of several national and international research centers and foundations. She is also a dedicated teacher and mentor to early-career researchers, with more than 100 theses supervised, and founded the first hands-on school lab at a German university in 1999 as a nucleus of out-of-school teaching activities in the STEM disciplines.

Finnish nationality, atmospheric physicist and terrestrial ecosystem meteorologist. Born in Fusar, Finland in October 1958 . In 1988 , he received a doctorate degree from the University of Helsinki, Finland. He was elected as a member of the Finnish Academy of Sciences and Humanities in 2004 and a member of the European Academy of Sciences in 2012 .

Kulmala’s research areas include mechanisms of atmospheric aerosol nucleation and growth, aerosol – atmospheric cluster dynamics, and biosphere – aerosol – cloud – climate interactions. Aerosols are currently the most uncertain issue in understanding the climate effects of human activities. The nucleation and growth of new particles has always been a scientific problem that plagues the academic community. The biggest bottleneck lies in neutral clusters and their nucleation mechanism. Based on theoretical analysis, he predicted the existence of neutral clusters, theoretically deduced its activation growth mechanism, and further developed measurement technology, realized the direct measurement of particles below 3 nanometers and the composition analysis of ultrafine particles, and confirmed the neutral clusters and clarified the role of ultra-low volatile components in the process of cluster growth, perfecting the theory of new particle generation and growth. The relevant parameterization scheme has become a key module of the international mainstream environment and climate models, which significantly reduces the uncertainty of aerosol simulation. He led the development of the Earth System Process Integrated Observation Test Base SMEAR , making it a globally recognized “flagship station” with the most complete measurement parameters and the longest duration. Based on observations and theoretical analysis, a feedback loop mechanism of terrestrial biosphere – aerosol – cloud – climate interaction COBACC is proposed , which quantitatively reveals how global warming caused by CO2 increase and changes in forest productivity affect natural emissions of volatile organic compounds and COBACC. The formation of sub-organic aerosols, which in turn affect cloud and radiation balances and generate feedbacks on the climate system. Based on related work, more than 800 SCI papers (including 11Nature and 13 Science) , with a total of more than 30,000 citations . In the past five years, he has been the most cited scientist in the field of ESI geosciences in the world, with a high impact index H-index of 84 . He has won a number of international awards, including the highest award in the field of aerosols, the ” Fuchs Memorial Award” and the Wilhelm Bjerkenes Medal of the European Geophysical Union .

Kulmala has carried out substantive cooperation with Chinese scholars for nearly ten years, and has made important contributions to the scientific and technological progress in the fields of atmospheric environment and climate change in my country. He actively promotes and develops cooperation and personnel training with Chinese universities and research institutes (including Nanjing University, Fudan University, Peking University, Tsinghua University, Institute of Remote Sensing, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Chinese Academy of Environmental Sciences, etc.). He successively invited Chinese scholars to participate in the EU FP6 and FP7 projects to help my country develop the Earth System Regional Process Observation Platform; he promoted the iLEAPS project international project office to settle in China, and invited China as the main sponsor in the process of leading the PEEX project, which strengthened my country’s The degree of internationalization in the field of climate change and the environment. He is very concerned about the complex air pollution problems faced by our country, and has been committed to promoting bilateral cooperation at the national and city levels, actively seeking funds and technologies from Europe to help my country’s key cities control air pollution; many of the instruments he has led the development of have been well received in my country The application has played an important role in revealing the formation mechanism of haze and promoted the development of my country’s atmospheric environmental science and technology.

Physicist. American citizenship. Born in Shanghai, China, originally from Suzhou, Jiangsu. From 1944 to 1946, he studied in Zhejiang University and Southwest Associated University. In 1950, he received a Doctor of Philosophy degree from the University of Chicago. He was a professor at Columbia University in 1956, a professor at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton in 1960, a Fermi Chair Professor at Columbia University since 1964, and a “Campus Chair Professor” at Columbia University since 1984. Academician of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1959), academician of the National Academy of Sciences (1964), foreign academician of the Italian Academy of Linqin (1982), and academician of Taiwan’s “Academia Sinica” (1957). He has won the Nobel Prize in Physics, the Einstein Prize in Science (1957), and the Supreme Knight of the Italian Republic (1986).

As an important epoch-making contribution, he discovered the law of parity violation in the weak interaction, and won the 1957 Nobel Prize in Physics with Professor Yang Zhenning. From the late 1940s to the early 1970s, in the field of weak interaction research, two-component neutrino theory, universality of weak interaction, intermediate boson theory, and CP violation in neutral kaon decay were made, etc. Important research results; In terms of statistical mechanics, he cooperated with Yang Zhenning and Huang Kesun to make a groundbreaking contribution to many-body theory. In the 1970s and 1980s, he created the non-topological soliton theory and hadron model, and proposed the “Li model”, “KLN theorem” and the concept of “abnormal nuclear state” in quantum field theory. In 1994, he was elected as a foreign academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Young Hee Lee, Korean nationality, physicist of low-dimensional materials. Born in South Korea in July 1955. He received a bachelor’s degree from Chonbuk National University in South Korea in 1982, a master’s degree and a doctorate degree from Kent State University in the United States in 1982 and 1986, respectively. He is currently the director of the Integrated Nanostructure Physics Center of the Korea Institute of Basic Science, and a professor of the Department of Energy Science and Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Korea. In 2006, he was awarded the title of National Scholar of Korea. In 2007, he was elected as an academician of the Korean Academy of Science and Technology. In 2020, he was elected as an academician of the Academy of Sciences for the Developing World. In 2021, he was elected as a foreign academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Professor Lee Young Hee has long been engaged in the exploration and research of low-dimensional materials, physical properties and their applications. In recent years, he has taken the lead in preparing wafer-level single-crystal single-layer/multi-layer graphene, and has made a series of leading work in the field of growth of single-layer two-dimensional materials and heterojunctions. For the first time, the transition from 2H semiconductor to 1T or 1T’ metal phase was realized in MoTe ₂ , and a new idea for controlling the phase transition of 2D materials was proposed; the growth technology of 2D ferromagnetic semiconductor was invented, and it was realized in V-WSe ₂ Room temperature ferromagnetic properties; using the carrier multiplication effect in 2D semiconductor materials, energy conversion efficiencies close to 99% were obtained in 2D MoTe ₂ and WSe ₂ . In addition, Professor Li Yongxi has made important contributions to the application of carbon nanotubes, and realized the supercapacitor based on single-walled carbon nanotubes for the first time. This technology can be effectively applied to touch screens and other fields; in cooperation with South Korea’s Samsung, a 32-inch FED flat panel has been developed Displays have promoted the industrialization of carbon nanomaterials in the fields of electronics and energy. Professor Li Yongxi has published more than 600 academic papers so far, which have been cited by SCI for more than 47,000 times, with an H index of 107. He has been selected as “Highly Cited Scientist” by Clarivate Analytics for many years and has won many academic awards.

French nationality, marine scientist. Received a doctorate from Dalhousie University in 1971. Honorary professor of Sorbonne University (formerly Paris VI University) and University of Larva in Canada. He was elected as a member of the Royal Canadian Academy of Sciences in 1998 and a member of the European Academy of Sciences in 2016.

He is engaged in the interdisciplinary research of earth system science and marine ecological environment, summarizing and summarizing systematic theories from observation, experiment, data analysis and modeling, and creating a new subject field – “Numerical Ecology (Numerical Ecology), and applying it to Pioneering studies of oceanography, limnology, and sea ice ecosystems, which became an innovative field in Earth system science. His 1979 book Numerical Ecology was the first international monograph and textbook in the field and has since been reprinted Five times, cited more than 20,000 times, made a significant contribution to the development of disciplines and personnel training. The method of numerical ecology has strongly promoted the development of oceanography. In 2015, the “Critical Depth The “Hypothesis” special issue refers to him as one of the three international pioneers in this field. He is the first chairman of the “International Council for Ocean Science Arctic Sea Ice Program” and the chairman of the Canadian Joint Research on Global Ocean Flux (JGOFS). The link between carbon flux and ecosystem biogeochemical characteristics has been established, and its experimental research and model research have played an important role in the JGOFS program, and related research results have been published in “Science”, driving the rapid development of this field. In these interdisciplinary On the basis of research, he gradually formed a systematic scientific thought, which is reflected in his new book “Living Planets in the Solar System—Earth System Science”. He has published more than 260 academic papers, 7 monographs and textbooks, participated in He has written 12 monographs, and he has given more than 550 reports and lectures in 34 countries, including more than 110 themed reports and invited reports, which has produced extensive influence in the academic circle.

Over the past 20 years, Louis Legendre has had close relationships with many educational and research institutions such as the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, the South China Sea Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Institute of Bioenergy and Process Research, the Second Institute of Oceanography of the Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen University, and Shandong University. Cooperation, and published a number of cooperative articles such as Science. . He actively participated in and contributed to the design of my country’s global ocean Bio-Argo monitoring indicators and global ocean layout. He cooperated with Chinese scientists to create a permanent forum of “Marine Biogeochemistry” in the prestigious American academic brand-Gordon Research Frontier Forum (GRC). It has become an important international academic stage for my country to speak out on the international high-end academic stage. Since 1997, he has held more than 30 academic lectures across China, encouraging young and middle-aged talents to grow rapidly. For example, he recommended a researcher from the Institute of South China Sea of ​​the Chinese Academy of Sciences to be elected as the chairman of the “9th International Ocean Remote Sensing Conference”; he helped a researcher from the Second Institute of Oceanography of the Ministry of Natural Resources to conduct research on submarine hydrothermal geochemistry, and the latter was awarded the title of “Chinese Female Scientist”. In 2017, the Chinese Academy of Sciences initiated the creation of the “Yanqi Lake Conference” international academic forum aimed at building an international brand. Professor Legendre responded positively, participated in the first forum while sick and made a report on the opening conference. He has made outstanding contributions to the training of young Chinese scientists and the development of China’s marine science and technology.