Academician

Lei Gancheng (Steven G. Louie), American nationality, condensed matter physics and materials scientist. Born in March 1949 in Guangdong, China. In 1972, he received his Ph.D. from the University of California, Berkeley. He is currently a chair professor of the Department of Physics at the University of California, Berkeley, a senior scientist at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and director of the Center for Computational Research on Excited State Phenomena in Energy Materials (C2SEPEM) of the US Department of Energy. He was elected as an academician of the National Academy of Sciences in 2005, a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2009, and a foreign academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2021.

Professor Lei Gancheng is one of the leading figures in international condensed matter physics and materials science. He has published more than 600 SCI papers in this field, including 22 in Science and Nature , 28 in Nature sub-journals, and 134 in Physical Review Letters . The total number of SCI citations of the paper is more than 80,000 times, and the H index is 134. In the field of Google Scholar’s “Condensed Matter Theory” in 2021, the number of citations of Professor Lei Gancheng’s papers ranked second in the world; in the field of “Theoretical Physics”, the number of citations ranked sixth in the world. Lei Gancheng has won many academic awards such as the Rahman Award (computational physics direction) and the Davisson-Germer Award (atomic or surface physics direction) of the American Physical Society, and the Materials Theory Award of the American Society for Materials Research.

Professor Lei Gancheng’s research achievements include: ①Initiated and developed the calculation method of electronic excited state. The proposed GW-BSE method based on the many-body theory is the first practical solution for the first-principles calculation of the electronic excited states of real materials, and has become the mainstream method for accurate prediction of the electronic excited states and optical properties of materials today. He led the development of the corresponding BerkeleyGW open source software package, which is widely used all over the world. ② Leading the research in the fields of low-dimensional physics and nanomaterials. Predicted boron-nitrogen nanotubes and realized them for the first time in cooperation with experiments; predicted electron/spin properties and rich topological phases of graphene nanoribbons; predicted giant excitonic effects in two-dimensional crystals, thereby correcting the Optical selection rules for semiconductors. ③ Solved some basic theoretical problems in condensed matter physics. Discovered the importance of the multi-electron effect on the renormalization of molecular energy levels at the metal-molecule interface; proposed a correction to the pseudopotential nonlinear effect; theoretically explained the multi-gap superconductivity in magnesium diboride, two-dimensional Magnetic origin of magnets and strong magneto-optical coupling effects, etc.

Australian nationality, nanomaterials scientist. Born in Tao’an, Jilin in November 1963. In 1983 and 1986, he obtained a bachelor’s degree and a master’s degree from Northeastern Institute of Technology (now Northeastern University), and in 1991, he obtained a doctorate degree from the University of Queensland, Australia. Currently Vice-Chancellor of the University of Surrey. He was elected as a fellow of the Australian Academy of Engineering in 2002, a fellow of the Australian Academy of Sciences in 2013, a fellow of the Academy of Sciences for the Developing World in 2016, and a fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering in 2019.

Lu Qingqing has long been engaged in research on the preparation of functional nanomaterials and their applications in energy, environment and biomedicine. He took the lead in preparing anatase titanium dioxide crystals with a {001} ratio as high as 47% in the world, opened up and promoted the research field of photocatalytic materials with specific crystal planes; proposed a new method to control the configuration and spatial distribution of dopants Based on this idea, the full-spectrum visible light absorption of titanium dioxide-based photocatalytic materials has been realized. He discovered that typical mesoporous silica materials have three types of silanol groups: isolated, hydrogen-bonded, and paired, and proposed a surface silylation technology that can effectively control hydrophobicity; invented a face-centered cubic symmetry, dual-mode A new type of mesoporous material with a pore structure, a new model of the liquid crystal template and the cooperative self-assembly mechanism – the hard sphere close-packed model. The silicon oxide molecular sieve inorganic membrane he invented can realize efficient separation of CO2, H2, CH4 and other gases, and this technology was transferred to Saudi Arabian oil company; the use of clay nanosheets for the transmission of RNAi is very effective for plant anti-virus and does not produce side effects. The new technology has been tested on a large scale by Australian agricultural company Nufarm. He has published more than 560 papers, which have been cited more than 57,000 times. He is a highly cited scientist in the fields of materials and chemistry, and has won several academic awards.

Lu HD has made important contributions to the development of China’s science and technology. He has established long-term and fruitful cooperative relations with many domestic universities and scientific research institutes, and jointly completed a number of international cooperation projects. Overseas Innovation Team – Distinguished Researcher of Shenyang Interface Materials Research Center. He has trained nearly a hundred students and scholars from China, and many of them have become academic leaders in the field of functional materials. He has played a very important role in promoting the cooperation between Australia, the United Kingdom and China in science, education and research, and has also made outstanding contributions in promoting China’s scientific research management and scientific research integrity. For his outstanding contribution to China’s scientific and technological cooperation, he won the 2011 Chinese Academy of Sciences International Cooperation Award and the 2011 People’s Republic of China International Science and Technology Cooperation Award.

American nationality, micro-nano electronics scientist. Born in November 1945 in Lanzhou City, Gansu Province. In 1974, he received a doctorate degree from Yale University in the United States. In 2003, he was elected as a member of the American Academy of Engineering.

Ma Zuoping has made important contributions to the scientific understanding and technological development of metal/oxide/semiconductor (MOS), especially in the field of MOS gate dielectric (including gate dielectric with high dielectric constant). Beginning in 1970, he pointed out the important influence of tunneling current on MOS characteristics in his research on ultra-thin (~4nm) gate silicon oxide, and found that the interface traps generated by radiation effects or hot carrier effects have a relationship with the strain distribution near the interface. Based on this, a “gate-induced strain distribution” model is proposed to explain the experimental results, and it is deduced that a very small amount of impurities such as fluorine, chlorine or nitrogen are doped in the gate silicon oxide to promote the relaxation of the strain. Methods of reducing radiation or hot carrier effects. A transition phenomenon of interfacial traps in MOS undergoing irradiation was discovered and subsequently systematically studied. He first proposed the concept of using silicon nitride (Si ₃ N ₄ ) as the MOS gate dielectric to replace silicon dioxide (SiO ₂ ), and first proved its feasibility through experiments, which promoted the introduction of gate dielectrics with higher dielectric constants in recent years. The concept of medium, and then promote the future of MOS technology. Recently, Intel, IBM and other companies announced the mass production of High-k Gate Dielectrics chips, which formally practiced Mazopin’s early ideas. Recently, his research group pioneered the use of “Inelastic Electron Tunneling Spectroscopy” (IETS) method to detect microstructures, microdefects and impurities in ultrathin high dielectric constant media. IETS is expected to be widely used in the future, thereby further promoting the research and development of MOS gate dielectrics.

Ma Zuoping trained a large number of Chinese microelectronics technology experts at Yale University, and more than 40 Chinese students obtained doctoral degrees under his guidance. Since 1993, he has returned to China almost every year, and has given lectures in scientific research institutions and universities such as China Academy of Aerospace Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tsinghua University, Peking University, Shandong University, Tianjin University, Fudan University, Shanghai Jiaotong University, and Xiamen University. From 1994 to 2000, Ma Zuoping’s research group cooperated closely with the radiation effect group of Xinjiang Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, making Xinjiang Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences one of the radiation effect centers of semiconductor devices in China. From 2002 to 2005, jointly developed and manufactured advanced flash memory devices with Tsinghua University, and made great contributions to the progress of Tsinghua University’s flash memory research. In 2005, Ma Zuoping and Wang Yangyuan of Peking University Institute of Microelectronics jointly established the Peking University-Yale Micro-Nano Electronics Collaborative Research Center to jointly discuss the most advanced scientific topics in the field of microelectronics and nanoelectronics. Ma Zuoping was hired as a member of the Fujian Provincial Information Industry Expert Committee, a consultant to the Fujian Provincial Government, and a chief consultant for the microelectronics industry in Suzhou Industrial Park. In 2010, Ma Zuoping will co-host the 10th International Conference on Solid State and Integrated Circuit Technology (ICSICT) in China with domestic peer experts.

Geophysicist. American citizenship. Born in Shanghai, China. In 1963, he received a bachelor’s degree in geology from National Taiwan University. In 1966 and 1967, he received a master’s degree and a doctorate degree from the University of Rochester in the United States. He is currently a researcher at the Geophysical Laboratory and High Pressure Research Center of the Carnegie Institution of the United States. Member of the National Academy of Sciences (1993). In 1989, he won the Bridgman Award, the highest award in the international high voltage field. In 1976, the diamond pressure cavity (DAC) improved in cooperation with PM Bell could reach 100GPa (1Mbar), and in 1978 it was raised to 173GPa, which is equivalent to the pressure of the outer core of the earth. In 1986, he cooperated with Xu Ji’an and PM Bell to create a new record of the world’s highest static pressure of 550GPa (which has exceeded the pressure at the center of the earth).

In addition to being a world leader in the field of high-pressure technology (including the acquisition of the highest pressure and various measurement techniques), remarkable achievements have been made in ultra-high pressure research: the determination of the temperature and pressure of the MgO-FeO-SiO2 system in the lower mantle The correlation of minerals under high temperature conditions; observed the disproportionation reaction of ferrous iron at high temperature, and the strong differentiation phenomenon of iron and magnesium; carried out research on hydrogen metallization and observed new important phenomena, etc. In 1996, he was elected as a foreign academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Chemist. American citizenship. Born in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. He received a bachelor’s degree from McGill University in Canada in 1943 and a doctorate in philosophy from the school in 1946. In 1958, he became a professor at Brooklyn Polytechnic University. In 1964, he became a professor at the University of Illinois in the United States. In 1975, he became a professor at Oxford University. Since 1978, he has been a chair professor of chemistry at the California Institute of Technology. Member of the National Academy of Sciences (1970). He was awarded the Wolf Prize in Chemistry (1985), the National Medal of Science (1989), the Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1992) and the National Academy of Sciences Gold Medal for Achievement (1995).

Professor Marcus has made many important contributions in theoretical chemistry, one of which is the Marcus theory of electron transfer reactions in chemical systems, which involves almost all branches of chemistry related to chemical reaction rates, as well as materials science, molecular devices and Fields such as life sciences have promoted the development of these disciplines. In the study of unimolecular reactions, developing the early RRK theory into the RRKM (Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel-Marcus) theory is an important theoretical tool for the current study of high-energy molecules. In 1998, he was elected as a foreign academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

American nationality, geophysicist. Born in February 1952 in Apollos, Minnesota, USA. In 1978, he received a doctorate degree from the Scripp Institution of Oceanography in the United States. The current President of the National Academy of Sciences. He was elected as a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1999, a member of the National Academy of Sciences in 2005, a foreign member of the Russian Academy of Sciences in 2016, and a foreign member of the Royal Society in 2017.

Marcia McNutt’s research focuses on the behavior of the thermal mechanisms of Earth’s plate tectonics. Beginning in the early to mid-1970s, McNutt was one of the few scientists who made fundamental contributions to the now-accepted theory of plate load deformation on geological timescales. She argues that where the plate is highly curved, the rock’s elastic limit is exceeded, and when this limit is reached and exceeded, the plate becomes thinner than it would be if it were slightly deformed, due to brittle fracture at the shallow surface and ductile flow in the basement. She also thinks that the thermal anomalies that drive volcanism change the age of lithospheric plates, making them thermodynamically active like a young, weak elastic body. She pointed out the possibility of using ocean geoid data obtained by satellite radar altimetry to predict ocean water depth, providing a transfer function based on the understanding of ocean characteristic elastic compensation, making use of the downward extension of geoid to predict gravity conditions. She has contributed to the study of oceanic heat flow, and while it is generally accepted that mid-plate volcanic chains are hotspots created by upwelling plumes of heat and material from deep in the mantle, the evidence for heat flow is conflicting. Her research suggests that inhomogeneous exothermic surface processes driven by things like topographic gradient-driven fluid flows and thermal conductivity changes can mask any deep thermal signature originating in the mantle. Their research pointed out that although the crust of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has thickened, it corresponds to the ups and downs of the upper mantle lithosphere of about 500 kilometers. There is a weak decoupling zone between the lithospheres.

McNutt has cooperated with my country in various aspects such as postgraduate training, bilateral academic exchanges, and research on strategic development of science and technology, and has made important contributions to the development of science and technology in my country. In 1998, she served as the US chairman of the first China-US Frontier Science Symposium, and the Chinese postgraduates she trained made scientific and technological contributions in China and the United States. During his tenure as the director of the US Geological Survey, he cooperated with the Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, enabling the two parties to achieve good results in receiving and sharing land remote sensing satellite data. The Landsat data we receive provides a solid foundation for international research on global environmental change, sustainable development and other fields. As the dean, she organized the National Academy of Sciences of the United States and the Chinese Academy of Sciences to carry out seminars and exchanges on sustainable development goals, and achieved ideal results. As the editor-in-chief of “Science”, she visited China many times to discuss how to publish papers in “Science”, which improved the quantity and quality of Chinese scientists’ papers published in “Science”.

Biochemist. German nationality. Born in Ludwigsburg, Germany. In 1975, he graduated from the University of Tübingen, Germany with a master’s degree. In 1977, he received a doctorate degree from the University of Würzburg, Germany. From 1981 to 1987, he was a professor at the Institute of Biochemistry of the Max Planck Society in Germany. Since 1987, he has successively served as a professor, director and director of the Institute of Biophysics of the German Max Planck Society.

Professor Michel has been engaged in the research of important photosynthetic proteins for a long time, and has made outstanding achievements in photosynthetic reaction center, aerobic respiration, and cytochrome C oxidase. Breakthrough in the analysis of membrane protein crystallization and its three-dimensional space structure, successfully obtained the world’s first membrane protein crystal—the crystal of the photosynthetic reaction center of purple photosynthetic bacteria, and determined the reaction center with a high accuracy of 3 angstroms three-dimensional structure. Therefore, he was jointly awarded the 1988 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with others. In addition, the structure of the light-harvesting pigment protein complex of another class of purple bacteria was also determined, explaining the arrangement order change of the light-harvesting pigment protein complex subunits containing high-potential and low-potential iron clusters. effect on function. Professor Michel has a special affection for China’s scientific undertakings, and has visited China many times to conduct academic exchanges, cooperate in training doctoral students, and carry out cooperative research. Proposed to cooperate with the Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences and other institutes to carry out research on the structure and function of membrane proteins. On June 8, 2000, he was elected as a foreign academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

American nationality, physical chemist. Born in November 1963 in Phoenix, USA. He received his Ph.D. from Penn State University in 1989. He is currently a tenured professor at Northwestern University and the director of the International Institute of Nanotechnology. He was elected as a member of the National Academy of Engineering in 2009, a member of the National Academy of Sciences and a member of the National Academy of Medicine in 2010. He is one of the few members of the three American Academy of Sciences and a member of the two-term Obama Administration President’s Science and Technology Advisory Committee. In 2017, he was elected as a foreign academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Mirkin is an international top expert in nanoscience and technology, biomedical engineering and other fields. He has made outstanding original scientific and technological achievements in the synthesis and application of spherical nucleic acid molecules, dip pen nanoprinting and supramolecular chemistry, and has had a profound impact on the development of these fields. So far, he has published more than 700 academic papers, including 34 in Science and Nature, and 18 in Nature journals. His academic papers have been cited more than 85,000 times by others. The scientific and technological research it engages in is highly original and innovative. In 2017, he was elected as a foreign academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Mirkin created a new spherical nucleic acid molecule, which changed the traditional understanding of nucleic acid molecules and triggered a worldwide upsurge in the use of clear nanostructures as new markers for biological detection and disease diagnosis and treatment. Successfully developed new gene regulation drugs and a new molecular medical diagnostic system certified by the US FDA, which have been used in hospitals all over the world to identify new markers of Alzheimer’s disease, AIDS and cardiovascular diseases, as well as early detection of various prostate cancers, Promote the development of diagnosis and treatment of major diseases. He invented a series of dip pen nano-printing scanning probe technology based on meniscus chemical transport and reaction, which has served many scientific research institutions and practical commercial applications, and was selected as one of the 100 sciences that changed the world in the last century selected by the National Geographic Magazine Discover and be on top of the list. He also pioneered the use of “weak bond pathways” to construct supramolecular chemistry and new signal amplification systems, which inspired people to use coordination chemistry to solve many fundamental and technical problems in the fields of materials science, catalysis, and health. In addition, he is also committed to engineering his basic scientific research results and using them for the improvement and progress of society, successfully laying the foundation for more than 2,000 commercial technologies and processes.

Mirkin has maintained extensive and in-depth exchanges and cooperation with many well-known universities and scientific research institutions in China for more than ten years, and has been hired as a distinguished or honorary professor. More than 50 Chinese students or scholars have been trained, many of whom have returned to China to serve as professors and work in the front line of scientific research in famous universities such as Fudan University, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Nanjing University, and Sun Yat-sen University. He has also personally planned and led the establishment of the Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine of Hunan University since 2013, and was successfully selected into the 11th batch of my country’s Thousand Talents Program “Top Thousand Talents and Innovation Team”.

Mirkin enjoys a high prestige and reputation in the international science and technology circles. With very friendly and sincere feelings, he has devoted a lot of effort to the development of China’s science and technology. Professor Xi and honorary member of the Chinese Chemical Society. If he is elected as a foreign academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, it will be more conducive to promoting academic exchanges and friendly exchanges between China and the international scientific and technological circles.

Geodesist. Austrian nationality. In 1956, he graduated from the Department of Measurement Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Austria, and in 1959, he received a doctorate in science and technology from the school. From 1964 to 1971, he was a professor at the Technical University of Berlin, Germany. Since 1971, he has been a professor at the Technical University of Graz, Austria. Member of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (1988) and 9 foreign members of the National Academy of Sciences.

In 1967, Professor Moritz proposed a “least square estimation” combining error theory and statistics in Hilbert space, and developed it into a very practical and effective estimation technique for physical geodesy; Refined and developed the geodetic boundary value problem proposed by Moloczynski; proved the distinguishability of gravity and inertia in the second-order gradient of the gravitational potential; proposed a “unified” theory of Earth’s rotation; summarized the development The theory of the earth as a balanced body since Clarao. In 1998, he was elected as a foreign academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.